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1 fast photographic film
fast photographic filmfilme para fotografia que tem muita sensibilidade e pode ser usado quando há pouca luz. -
2 fast
I 1. adjective1) (quick-moving: a fast car.) rápido2) (quick: a fast worker.) rápido3) ((of a clock, watch etc) showing a time in advance of the correct time: My watch is five minutes fast.) adiantado2. adverb(quickly: She speaks so fast I can't understand her.) depressa- fastness- fast foods
- fast food II 1. verb(to go without food, especially for religious or medical reasons: Muslims fast during the festival of Ramadan.) jejuar2. noun(a time or act of fasting: She has just finished two days' fast.) jejum- fastingIII adjective1) ((of a dye) fixed; that will not come out of a fabric when it is washed.) fixo2) (firm; fixed: She made her end of the rope fast to a tree.) fixado/seguro•* * *fast1[fa:st; fæst] n 1 jejum, abstenção, abstinência. 2 período de jejum. • vi jejuar. fast day / dia de jejum. to break fast quebrar o jejum, parar com o jejum.————————fast2[fa:st; fæst] adj 1 veloz, rápido. 2 que favorece a velocidade. 3 firme, fixo, seguro, preso. 4 constante, aderente, pegado, estável, durável. the colors are fast / as cores não desbotam, são permanentes. • adv 1 velozmente, rapidamente, depressa, em rápida sucessão. 2 firmemente, fixamente, fortemente, muito. it was raining fast chovia fortemente. fast access storage Comp armazenamento de acesso rápido: em processamento de dados, seção que engloba o armazenamento inteiro do qual os dados podem ser recuperados com maior rapidez. fast asleep profundamente adormecido. fast breeder reactor tipo de reator nuclear que produz mais plutônio que o necessário para a geração de eletricidade. fast photographic film filme para fotografia que tem muita sensibilidade e pode ser usado quando há pouca luz. fast train trem rápido, expresso. hard and fast rígido, definitivamente verdadeiro e correto. my watch (clock) is fast meu relógio está adiantado. to hold fast segurar com firmeza. to live fast ter uma vida desregrada. to make a fast buck enriquecer rapidamente de maneira desonesta. to make fast fixar seguramente. to play fast and loose with someone ser irresponsável e insincero com alguém. to pull a fast one enganar ou trapacear alguém. -
3 film
1) плёнка, тонкий слой || покрываться плёнкой2) оболочка; покрытие4) (фото)плёнка5) киноплёнка; кинолента6) (кино)фильм; фильмокопия || производить киносъёмку; снимать на киноплёнку7) геофиз. диаграмма (сейсмограмма), записанная на фотоплёнке•film perforated (along) one edge — киноплёнка с односторонней перфорацией;to run through the film — просматривать фильм;to thread the film — заряжать киноплёнку-
acetate film
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adhesive film
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adsorbed film
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advertising film
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aerial film
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air bubble film
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air film
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aligning film
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amateur film
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amorphous film
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animated film
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anodized film
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antifogging film
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antihalation film
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antireflection film
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autopositive film
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axially oriented film
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balanced film
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base film
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biaxially-oriented film
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bimetallized film
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black-and-white film
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blank film
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blown film
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blue diazo assembly film
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boundary film
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bubble film
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bubble-free film
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burnished film
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calendered film
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carrying film
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cartoon film
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cast film
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center fold film
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cinema film
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cine film
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clearbase film
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cling film
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coarse-grain film
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color film
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commercial film
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composite film
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conducting film
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contact film
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continuous film
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continuous lubricating film
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continuous tone film
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convergent lubricant film
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convergent film
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cooling film
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cryovac film
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crystalline film
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cut film
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diazo-type film
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diazo film
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dichromated gelatine film
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dichromated gelatin film
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dielectric film
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discontinuous film
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distillation film
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doped film
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double-coated film
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drafting film
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dry process film
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dry silver film
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dubbed film
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duplicating film
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dye-degraded library film
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educational film
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elastohydrodynamic lubrication film
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electrodeposited film
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electron-beam evaporated film
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endless type film
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epitaxial film
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evaporated film
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exposed film
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faded film
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fast film
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feature film
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ferroelectric film
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fibrillated film
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field-oxide film
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fine-grain film
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fire-proof film
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flat film
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flexible film
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garnet film
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gas film
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getter film
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glass film
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glue film
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graphic arts film
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grown film
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gussetted tubular film
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hard film
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hardened film
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heat developable film
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heat stabilized film
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high clarity film
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high-gamma film
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high-impact film
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high-speed color negative film
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holographic film
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hot tack film
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hot-wall film
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hydrodynamic oil film
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hypersensitized film
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imperforated film
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imperforate film
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indium-tin oxide film
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industrial film
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infrachromatic film
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ink film
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instant film
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instructional film
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instruction film
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insulating film
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intermediate film
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internegative film
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interpositive film
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intrinsic film
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iridescent film
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ITO film
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kapton film
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laminar film
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laminate film
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laminated film
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Langmuir-Blodgett film
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large-grain film
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lenticular film
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light-control film
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light-guiding film
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light-sensitive film
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light-struck film
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line film
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lith film
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logging film
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loop film
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low defect film
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low-friction film
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low-gamma film
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low-slip film
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lubricant film
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magnetic bubble film
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magnetic film
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masking film
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matrix film
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mechanized processing film
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medical film
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medium speed film
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medium-grain film
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metallized film
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moistureproof film
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motion-picture film
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multilayer film
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multireel film
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multirow film
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mylar film
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name plate film
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narrow-gage film
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narrow film
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negative film
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news film
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nonfogging film
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nonsilver film
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nonwettable film
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normal film
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offset film
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oil bound film
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oil film
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oiliness film
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one-edge perforated film
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opal film
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opaque film
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opp film
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oriented film
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oriented polypropylene film
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orthochromatic film
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oven film
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oxide film
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oxidized film
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panchromatic film
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pan film
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panoramic film
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passivating film
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patterned film
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pearlescent film
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peelable film
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peel-off film
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perforated film
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photochromic film
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photoconductor-thermoplastic film
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photographic film
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photoplastic recording film
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photoresist film
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phototechnical film
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phototypesetting film
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piezoelectric film
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polarizer film
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polarizing film
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Polaroid film
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polycrystalline film
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polyethylene film
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polyimide film
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polymer film
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positive film
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prescreened film
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print film
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process film
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professional film
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protective film
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publicity film
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pure film
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PVC film
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RA film
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radiographic film
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rapid access film
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raw film
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recording film
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reflecting film
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released film
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release film
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resist film
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resistance film
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reversal film
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ripple film
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roll film
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room daylight film
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rust film
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safety film
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sandwich film
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saran film
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seismic film
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self-developing film
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semiconductor film
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sensitized film
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sheet film
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short-length film
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shrinkable film
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shrink film
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silent film
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single-crystal film
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single-oxide film
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single-perforated film
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single-wound film
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sliced film
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slide film
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slit film
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small-grain film
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soft film
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sound film
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spacer film
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split film
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spray deposited film
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sprocketed film
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sputtered film
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squeezed film
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squeeze film
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stacked film
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standard film
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steam film
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steam-water film
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stereoscopic film
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stretch film
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stretched film
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stripping film
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subminiature film
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substrate film
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superconducting film
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support film
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surface film
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taped film
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television film
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test film
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thermally grown film
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thick film
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thin film
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tin oxide film
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transfer film
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transparency film
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transparent film
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trichromatic film
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tubular film
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TV film
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unbalanced film
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unsupported film
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vapor film
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vapor-deposited film
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variable-area film
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variable-density film
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vesicular film
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video film
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washoff relief film
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waster film
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wear-inhibiting film
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wedge-shaped oil film
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wide-screen film
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wrapping film
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X-ray film -
4 shutter
2) клапан3) мн. ч. жалюзи4) строит. ставень5) мн. ч. опалубка8) обтюратор•to cock the shutter — кфт. взводить затвор;to ease shutters — распалубливать, снимать опалубку-
180° shutter
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adjustable shutter
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antiflicker shutter
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automatic shutter
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barrel shutter
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beam hole shutter
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blind-type shutter
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blind shutter
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central shutter
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climbing shutters
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cocked shutter
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cone shutter
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conversion shutters
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cooler duct shutter
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curtain shutter
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cylindrical shutter
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diaphragm shutter
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disk shutter
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drum shutter
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dual-disk shutter
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electrical shutter
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electronic shutter
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electronically timed shutter
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electrooptic shutter
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everset shutter
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exhaust pipe shutter
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fast shutter
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film exposing shutter
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fire shutter
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fixed shutters
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focal-plane shutter
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folding shutter
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frustro-conical shutter
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gate shutter
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lap dissolve shutter
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leaf shutter
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lens shutter
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lift shutters
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light shutter
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liquid-crystal shutter
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louver shutter
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low-inertia shutter
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manual dissolving shutter
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mechanical shutter
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miniature shutter
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mirror-reflex shutter
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multiple bladed apertured shutter
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multiple bladed shutter
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one-blade shutter
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photographic shutter
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programmed shutter
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radiator shutters
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rolling shutters
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rotary shutter
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sector shutter
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sector-shaped shutter
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segmented-type disk shutter
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self-cocking shutter
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single-blade shutter
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sliding shutter
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slit shutter
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speed-adjustable shutter
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synchronized shutter
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take-down shutter
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two-blade shutter
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variable shutter
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waveguide shutter
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window shutter -
5 cassette
kə'set(a plastic container holding photographic film or magnetic tape: I've put a new cassette in my camera; I bought a cassette of Scottish music; (also adjective) a cassette recorder.) casetecassette n casete / cinta
cassette /ka'set/ m or f See Also→◊ casete
cassette sustantivo masculino & sustantivo femenino ➣ casete
' cassette' also found in these entries: Spanish: casete - radiocasete - vídeo - borrar - radiocassette - video English: cassette - cassette player - cassette recorder - fast forward - recorder - video cassette - wind back - wind forward - eject - tape - videotr[kə'set]1 casete nombre femenino\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLcassette deck platinacassette player / cassette recorder casete nombre masculinocassette [kə'sɛt, kæ-] n: cassette mfn.• casete (Electrónica) s.m.• cassette s.f.kə'seta) ( Audio) cassette f or m; (before n)cassette deck — platina f, pletina f
cassette player — pasacintas m, cassette m (Esp), pasacassettes m (RPl), tocacassettes m (Chi)
cassette recorder — grabadora f or grabador m (de cassettes), cassette m (Esp)
b) ( Video) videocassette m, (cinta f de) video m or (Esp) vídeo m, videocinta f[kæ'set]1.N casette m, cassette m2.CPDcassette deck N — platina f, pletina f
cassette player N — casette m, cassette m
cassette recorder N — casette m, cassette m
cassette tape N — = cassette
* * *[kə'set]a) ( Audio) cassette f or m; (before n)cassette deck — platina f, pletina f
cassette player — pasacintas m, cassette m (Esp), pasacassettes m (RPl), tocacassettes m (Chi)
cassette recorder — grabadora f or grabador m (de cassettes), cassette m (Esp)
b) ( Video) videocassette m, (cinta f de) video m or (Esp) vídeo m, videocinta f -
6 head
1. noun1) Kopf, der; Haupt, das (geh.)head first — mit dem Kopf zuerst/voran
head over heels in love — bis über beide Ohren verliebt (ugs.)
lose one's head — (fig.) den Kopf verlieren
be unable to make head or tail of something/somebody — aus etwas/jemandem nicht klug werden
2) (mind) Kopf, derin one's head — im Kopf
enter somebody's head — jemandem in den Sinn kommen
two heads are better than one — (prov.) zwei Köpfe sind besser als einer
I've got a good/bad head for figures — ich kann gut rechnen/rechnen kann ich überhaupt nicht
not quite right in the head — (coll.) nicht ganz richtig [im Kopf] (ugs.)
have got it into one's head that... — fest [davon] überzeugt sein, dass...
the first thing that comes into somebody's head — das erste, was jemandem einfällt
3) (person)a or per head — pro Kopf
playback/erasing head — Wiedergabe-/Löschkopf, der
head of government — Regierungschef, der/-chefin, die
head of state — Staatsoberhaupt, das
11) see academic.ru/33986/headmaster">headmaster; headmistress2. attributive adjectivehead waiter — Oberkellner, der
3. transitive verbhead office — Hauptverwaltung, die; (Commerc.) Hauptbüro, das
1) (provide with heading) überschreiben; betiteln3) (direct)4) (Footb.) köpfen5) (overtake and stop)4. intransitive verbhead somebody/something [off] — jemanden/etwas abdrängen
head for London — [Flugzeug, Schiff:] Kurs auf London nehmen; [Auto:] in Richtung London fahren
head towards or for somebody/the buffet — auf jemanden/das Buffet zusteuern
you're heading for trouble — du wirst Ärger bekommen
* * *[hed] 1. noun1) (the top part of the human body, containing the eyes, mouth, brain etc; the same part of an animal's body: The stone hit him on the head; He scratched his head in amazement.) der Kopf2) (a person's mind: An idea came into my head last night.) der Kopf3) (the height or length of a head: The horse won by a head.) die Kopflänge4) (the chief or most important person (of an organization, country etc): Kings and presidents are heads of state; ( also adjective) a head waiter; the head office.) das (Ober-)Haupt; Ober...5) (anything that is like a head in shape or position: the head of a pin; The boy knocked the heads off the flowers.) der Kopf6) (the place where a river, lake etc begins: the head of the Nile.) die Quelle7) (the top, or the top part, of anything: Write your address at the head of the paper; the head of the table.) oberes Ende8) (the front part: He walked at the head of the procession.) die Spitze9) (a particular ability or tolerance: He has no head for heights; She has a good head for figures.) die Begabung10) (a headmaster or headmistress: You'd better ask the Head.) der Leiter12) (a headland: Beachy Head.) die Landspitze13) (the foam on the top of a glass of beer etc.) die Blume2. verb1) (to go at the front of or at the top of (something): The procession was headed by the band; Whose name headed the list?) an erster Stelle stehen2) (to be in charge of; to be the leader of: He heads a team of scientists investigating cancer.) leiten3) ((often with for) to (cause to) move in a certain direction: The explorers headed south; The boys headed for home; You're heading for disaster!) zusteuern4) (to put or write something at the beginning of: His report was headed `Ways of Preventing Industrial Accidents'.) betiteln•- -headed- header
- heading
- heads
- headache
- headband
- head-dress
- headfirst
- headgear
- headlamp
- headland
- headlight
- headline
- headlines
- headlong
- head louse
- headmaster
- head-on
- headphones
- headquarters
- headrest
- headscarf
- headsquare
- headstone
- headstrong
- headwind
- above someone's head
- go to someone's head
- head off
- head over heels
- heads or tails? - keep one's head
- lose one's head
- make head or tail of
- make headway
- off one's head* * *[hed]I. NOUNfrom \head to foot [or toe] von Kopf bis Fußto bow one's \head den Kopf senkento nod one's \head mit dem Kopf nickento shake one's \head den Kopf schüttelnto put ideas into sb's \head jdm Flausen in den Kopf setzenwhat put that idea into your \head? wie kommst du denn darauf?to need a clear \head to do sth einen klaren Kopf brauchen, um etw zu tunto have a good \head for sth für etw akk begabt seinshe's got a good \head for figures sie kann gut mit Zahlen umgehento clear one's \head einen klaren Kopf bekommento get sb/sth out of one's \head sich dat jdn/etw aus dem Kopf schlagenI can't get that man out of my \head dieser Mann geht mir einfach nicht mehr aus dem Kopfto use one's \head seinen Verstand benutzena \head of broccoli/cauliflower ein Brokkoli/Blumenkohla \head of cabbage ein Kohlkopf ma \head of lettuce ein Salatto be a \head taller than sb [um] einen Kopf größer sein als jdto win by a \head mit einer Kopflänge Vorsprung gewinnen5. no pl (top, front part)the \head of the bed das Kopfende des Bettesat the \head of the table am Kopf[ende] des Tisches6. (blunt end) of a nail, pin, screw Kopf m; (end of tool) of a hammer Haupt nt, Kopf m; of a screwdriver Griff m; of tape, photographic film Anfang mthe \head of a match der Streichholzkopfthe \head of the family das Familienoberhaupta \head of state ein Staatsoberhaupt nt\heads or tails? Kopf oder Zahl?you have to pour the beer slowly so there isn't too big a \head on it man muss das Bier langsam einschenken, damit es nicht zu viel Schaum gibtthe \head of a river/stream ein Fluss-/Bachoberlauf m13. (accumulated amount)\head of steam Dampfdruck mthe \head of a boil/a pimple der Eiterpfropf einer Beule/eines Pickels17.▶ to not be able to make \head [n]or tail of sth aus etw dat nicht schlau [o klug] werden, sich dat auf etw akk keinen Reim machen können▶ to bring sth to a \head (carry sth too far) etw auf die Spitze treiben; (force a decision) etw forcieren [o zur Entscheidung bringen]▶ to bury one's \head in the sand, to have one's \head buried in the sand den Kopf in den Sand stecken▶ to do sth over sb's \head etw über jds Kopf hinweg tun▶ to get [or put] one's \head down BRIT (concentrate) sich akk [ganz auf eine Sache] konzentrieren; (sleep) sich akk aufs Ohr hauen fam▶ to get sth into one's \head etw begreifenwhen will you get it into your thick \head that...? wann geht es endlich in deinen sturen Kopf [o kapierst du endlich], dass...? fam▶ to give sb their \head jdn gewähren lassen, jdm seinen Willen lassen▶ to go over sb's \head über jds Kopf hinweg handeln▶ to go to sb's \head praise, success jdm zu Kopf steigen pej; alcohol, wine jdm in den [o zu] Kopf steigen▶ to have an old [or wise] \head on young shoulders für sein Alter ziemlich erwachsen [o reif] sein▶ to keep a cool \head einen kühlen Kopf bewahren▶ to keep one's \head einen klaren Kopf bewahren▶ to be off one's \head ( fam: be crazy, silly) übergeschnappt [o von allen guten Geistern verlassen] sein fam; (stoned) total zu[gedröhnt] [o zugekifft] sein slBen must be off his \head if he thinks Dad'll give him the money Ben kann nicht ganz bei Trost sein, wenn er glaubt, Dad würde ihm das Geld geben▶ to be [or go] over sb's \head über jds Horizont gehen▶ to put one's \heads together die Köpfe zusammenstecken▶ \heads will roll Köpfe werden rollenthe dog started barking its \head off der Hund begann, wie verrückt zu bellen▶ to have one's \head screwed on [right [or the right way]] ein patenter Mensch sein▶ to be \head and shoulders above sb/sth jdm/etw haushoch überlegen seinII. ADJECTIVEattr leitende(r, s)\head cook Küchenchef(in) m(f)\head office Zentrale fIII. TRANSITIVE VERB1. (be at the front of)▪ to \head sth etw anführenthe procession was \headed by the Queen die Queen ging der Prozession voran2. (be in charge of)to \head a firm/an organization eine Firma/Organisation leiten [o führen▪ to \head sth etw überschreiben [o mit einer Überschrift versehen]the article wasn't \headed der Artikel hatte keine Überschrift4. FBALLto \head the ball den Ball köpfen5. HORTto \head a tree einen Baum kappento \head home sich akk auf den Heimweg machento \head along a path einen Weg entlanglaufen3. (go toward)he \headed straight for the fridge er steuerte direkt auf den Kühlschrank zuto \head for disaster auf eine Katastrophe zusteuernto be \heading into [some] rough times schweren Zeiten entgegengehen* * *in cpds (= top, senior) Ober-* * *head [hed]A v/t2. voran-, vorausgehen (dat)3. (an)führen, leiten:a commission headed by ein Ausschuss unter der Leitung von4. lenken, steuern, dirigieren:a) um-, ablenken,b) abfangen,c) eine Gefahr etc abwenden, ein Gespräch etc abbiegen5. übertreffen6. einen Fluss etc (an der Quelle) umgehen7. mit einem Kopf etc versehen8. einen Titel geben (dat), betiteln9. die Spitze bilden von (oder gen)11. Fußball: den Ball köpfen:head away wegköpfen;head in einköpfen12. head upa) ein Fass ausböden,b) Wasser aufstauenB v/i1. a) gehen, fahren ( beide:for nach):be heading back auf dem Rückweg sein3. (mit der Front) liegen nach:4. (einen Kopf) ansetzen (Gemüse etc)5. sich entwickeln6. entspringen (Fluss)7. Fußball:head clear mit dem oder per Kopf klären;head in einköpfen;head wide vorbeiköpfenC adj1. Kopf…2. Spitzen…, Vorder…, an der Spitze stehend oder gehend3. Chef…, Haupt…, Ober…, Spitzen…, führend, oberst(er, e, es), erst(er, e, es):head cook Chefkoch m;head nurse Oberschwester fD s1. Kopf m:2. poet und fig Haupt n:head of the family Haupt der Familie, Familienvorstand m, -oberhaupt;3. Kopf m, Verstand m, auch Begabung f:he has a (good) head for languages er ist sehr sprachbegabt;head for figures Zahlengedächtnis n;have a good head for heights schwindelfrei sein;two heads are better than one zwei Köpfe wissen mehr als einer4. Spitze f, höchste Stelle, führende Stellung:at the head of an der Spitze von (od gen)5. a) (An)Führer(in), Leiter(in)b) Vorstand m, Vorsteher(in)c) Chef(in):head of government Regierungschefd) SCHULE Direktor m, Direktorin fa) oberer Absatz (einer Treppe)b) Kopf(ende) m(n) (eines Bettes, der Tafel etc)c) Kopf m (einer Buchseite, eines Briefes, eines Nagels, einer Stecknadel, eines Hammers, eines Golfschlägers etc)d) SCHIFF Topp m (Mast)7. Kopf m (einer Brücke oder Mole), oberes oder unteres Ende (eines Sees etc), Boden m (eines Fasses)8. a) Kopf m, Spitze f, vorderes Ende, Vorderteil m/nb) SCHIFF Bug mc) SCHIFF Toilette f (im Bug)9. Kopf m, (einzelne) Person:one pound a head ein Pfund pro Kopf oder Person10. (pl head) Stück n:50 head of cattle 50 Stück Vieh11. Br Anzahl f, Herde f, Ansammlung f (besonders Wild)12. Höhepunkt m, Krise f: → Bes Redew13. (Haupt-)Haar n:a beautiful head of hair schönes, volles Haar14. BOTa) (Salat- etc) Kopf m, Köpfchen n (kopfig gedrängter Blütenstand)15. ANAT Kopf m (vom Knochen oder Muskel)16. MED Durchbruchstelle f (eines Geschwürs etc)17. Vorgebirge n, Landspitze f, Kap n18. pl Vorderseite f (einer Münze):heads or tails? Wappen od Zahl?19. JAGD Geweih n:a deer of the first head ein fünfjähriger Hirsch21. Br Rahm m, Sahne f22. Quelle f (eines Flusses)23. a) Überschrift f, Titelkopf mb) Abschnitt m, Kapitel nc) (Haupt)Punkt m (einer Rede etc):the head and front das Wesentliche24. Abteilung f, Rubrik f, Kategorie f25. TYPO (Titel)Kopf m26. LING Oberbegriff m28. TECHa) Stauwasser nb) Staudamm m, -mauer f29. PHYS, TECHa) Gefälle n, Gefällhöhe fb) Druckhöhe fc) (Dampf-, Luft-, Gas) Druck md) Säule f, Säulenhöhe f (zur Druckmessung):head of water Wassersäule30. TECHa) Spindelkopf m (einer Fräsmaschine)b) Spindelbank f (einer Drehbank)c) Support m (einer Bohrbank)e) Saugmassel f (Gießerei)f) Kopf-, Deckplatte f, Haube f31. MUSc) Kopf m (einer Violine etc)32. Verdeck n, Dach n (einer Kutsche etc)b) …fan m:talk above sb’s head über jemandes Kopf hinweg reden;by head and shoulders an den Haaren (herbeiziehen), gewaltsam;(by) head and shoulders um Haupteslänge (größer etc), weitaus;head and shoulders above the rest den anderen turm- oder haushoch überlegen;from head to foot von Kopf bis Fuß;go off one’s head umg überschnappen;on one’s head auf dem Kopf stehend;on this head in diesem Punkt;out of one’s own heada) von sich aus, allein,b) auf eigene Verantwortung over sb’s head über jemandes Kopf hinweg;go over sb’s head to do sth jemanden übergehen und etwas tun;a) kopfüber (die Treppe hinunterstürzen),b) bis über die oder beide Ohren (verliebt sein) be head over heels in debt bis über die Ohren in Schulden sitzen oder stecken;bring to a head zum Ausbruch oder zur Entscheidung bringen;bury one’s head in the sand den Kopf in den Sand stecken;call for sb’s head jemandes Kopf fordern;go for a walk to clear one’s head um einen klaren Kopf zu bekommen;b) fig zur Entscheidung oder Krise kommen, sich zuspitzen cry one’s head off umg sich die Augen ausweinen oder aus dem Kopf weinen;it never entered his head to help her es kam ihm nie in den Sinn, ihr zu helfen;he’d forget his head if it wasn’t screwed on umg der würde sogar seinen Kopf vergessen, wenn er nicht angeschraubt wäre;gather head überhandnehmen;give a horse its head einem Pferd die Zügel schießen lassen;his name has gone out of my head mir ist sein Name entfallen;he has a good head on his shoulders er ist ein kluger Kopf;hold sth in one’s head etwas behalten, sich etwas merken;hold one’s head upa) den Kopf hoch halten,b) fig seine Selbstachtung nicht verlieren keep one’s head kühlen Kopf bewahren, die Nerven behalten;keep one’s head above water sich über Wasser halten (a. fig);a) etwas über den Haufen werfen umg,b) einer Sache ein Ende bereiten, Schluss machen mit etwas laugh one’s head off umg sich fast oder halb totlachen;let sb have his head jemandem seinen Willen lassen;it lies on my head es wird mir zur Last gelegt;lose one’s head den Kopf oder die Nerven verlieren;make head (gut) vorankommen, Fortschritte machen;I cannot make head or tail of it ich kann daraus nicht schlau werden, ich kann damit nichts anfangen;put sth into sb’s head jemandem etwas in den Kopf setzen;put sth out of one’s head sich etwas aus dem Kopf schlagen;they put their heads together sie steckten die Köpfe zusammen;run in sb’s head jemandem im Kopf herumgehen;take the head die Führung übernehmen;take sth into one’s head sich etwas in den Kopf setzen;talk sb’s head off umg jemandem ein Loch in den Bauch reden;turn sb’s head jemandem den Kopf verdrehen; → bang1 B 1, cloud A 1, knock B 1, roll B 1, swelled head, swollen head, top1 A 1hd abk1. hand2. head* * *1. noun1) Kopf, der; Haupt, das (geh.)mind your head! — Vorsicht, dein Kopf!; (on sign) Vorsicht - geringe Durchgangshöhe!
head first — mit dem Kopf zuerst/voran
lose one's head — (fig.) den Kopf verlieren
be unable to make head or tail of something/somebody — aus etwas/jemandem nicht klug werden
2) (mind) Kopf, dertwo heads are better than one — (prov.) zwei Köpfe sind besser als einer
I've got a good/bad head for figures — ich kann gut rechnen/rechnen kann ich überhaupt nicht
not quite right in the head — (coll.) nicht ganz richtig [im Kopf] (ugs.)
have got it into one's head that... — fest [davon] überzeugt sein, dass...
the first thing that comes into somebody's head — das erste, was jemandem einfällt
3) (person)a or per head — pro Kopf
5) in pl. (on coin)6) (working end etc.; also Mus.) Kopf, derplayback/erasing head — Wiedergabe-/Löschkopf, der
7) (on beer) Blume, diehead of government — Regierungschef, der/-chefin, die
head of state — Staatsoberhaupt, das
11) see headmaster; headmistress2. attributive adjectivehead waiter — Oberkellner, der
3. transitive verbhead office — Hauptverwaltung, die; (Commerc.) Hauptbüro, das
1) (provide with heading) überschreiben; betiteln2) (stand at top of) anführen [Liste]; (lead) leiten; führen [Bewegung]3) (direct)4) (Footb.) köpfen4. intransitive verbhead somebody/something [off] — jemanden/etwas abdrängen
head for London — [Flugzeug, Schiff:] Kurs auf London nehmen; [Auto:] in Richtung London fahren
head towards or for somebody/the buffet — auf jemanden/das Buffet zusteuern
* * *n.Chef- präfix.Haupt Häupter n.Kopf ¨-e m. v.an der Spitze stehen ausdr. -
7 Marey, Etienne-Jules
[br]b. 5 March 1830 Beaune, Franced. 15 May 1904 Paris, France[br]French physiologist and pioneer of chronophotography.[br]At the age of 19 Marey went to Paris to study medicine, becoming particularly interested in the problems of the circulation of the blood. In an early communication to the Académie des Sciences he described a much improved device for recording the pulse, the sphygmograph, in which the beats were recorded on a smoked plate. Most of his subsequent work was concerned with methods of recording movement: to study the movement of the horse, he used pneumatic sensors on each hoof to record traces on a smoked drum; this device became known as the Marey recording tambour. His attempts to study the wing movements of a bird in flight in the same way met with limited success since the recording system interfered with free movement. Reading in 1878 of Muybridge's work in America using sequence photography to study animal movement, Marey considered the use of photography himself. In 1882 he developed an idea first used by the astronomer Janssen: a camera in which a series of exposures could be made on a circular photographic plate. Marey's "photographic gun" was rifle shaped and could expose twelve pictures in approximately one second on a circular plate. With this device he was able to study wing movements of birds in free flight. The camera was limited in that it could record only a small number of images, and in the summer of 1882 he developed a new camera, when the French government gave him a grant to set up a physiological research station on land provided by the Parisian authorities near the Porte d'Auteuil. The new design used a fixed plate, on which a series of images were recorded through a rotating shutter. Looking rather like the results provided by a modern stroboscope flash device, the images were partially superimposed if the subject was slow moving, or separated if it was fast. His human subjects were dressed all in white and moved against a black background. An alternative was to dress the subject in black, with highly reflective strips and points along limbs and at joints, to produce a graphic record of the relationships of the parts of the body during action. A one-second-sweep timing clock was included in the scene to enable the precise interval between exposures to be assessed. The fixed-plate cameras were used with considerable success, but the number of individual records on each plate was still limited. With the appearance of Eastman's Kodak roll-film camera in France in September 1888, Marey designed a new camera to use the long rolls of paper film. He described the new apparatus to the Académie des Sciences on 8 October 1888, and three weeks later showed a band of images taken with it at the rate of 20 per second. This camera and its subsequent improvements were the first true cinematographic cameras. The arrival of Eastman's celluloid film late in 1889 made Marey's camera even more practical, and for over a decade the Physiological Research Station made hundreds of sequence studies of animals and humans in motion, at rates of up to 100 pictures per second. Marey pioneered the scientific study of movement using film cameras, introducing techniques of time-lapse, frame-by-frame and slow-motion analysis, macro-and micro-cinematography, superimposed timing clocks, studies of airflow using smoke streams, and other methods still in use in the 1990s. Appointed Professor of Natural History at the Collège de France in 1870, he headed the Institut Marey founded in 1898 to continue these studies. After Marey's death in 1904, the research continued under the direction of his associate Lucien Bull, who developed many new techniques, notably ultra-high-speed cinematography.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsForeign member of the Royal Society 1898. President, Académie des Sciences 1895.Bibliography1860–1904, Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris.1873, La Machine animale, Paris 1874, Animal Mechanism, London.1893, Die Chronophotographie, Berlin. 1894, Le Mouvement, Paris.1895, Movement, London.1899, La Chronophotographie, Paris.Further Reading1905, Travaux de l'Association de l'Institut Marey, Paris. Brian Coe, 1981, History of Movie Photography, London.——1992, Muybridge and the Chronophotographers, London. Jacques Deslandes, 1966, Histoire comparée du cinéma, Vol. I, Paris.See also: Demenÿ, GeorgesBC / MG -
8 Petzval, Josef Max
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1807 Spisska-Beila, Hungaryd. 17 September 1891 Vienna, Austria[br]Hungarian mathematician and photographic-lens designer, inventor of the first "rapid" portrait lens.[br]Although born in Hungary, Petzval was the son of German schoolteacher. He studied engineering at the University of Budapest and after graduation was appointed to the staff as a lecturer. In 1835 he became the University's Professor of Higher Mathematics. Within a year he was offered a similar position at the more prestigious University of Vienna, a chair he was to occupy until 1884.The earliest photographic cameras were fitted with lenses originally designed for other optical instruments. All were characterized by small apertures, and the long exposures required by the early process were in part due to the "slow" lenses. As early as 1839, Petzval began calculations with the idea of producing a fast achromatic objective for photographic work. For technical advice he turned to the Viennese optician Peter Voigtländer, who went on to make the first Petzval portrait lens in 1840. It had a short focal length but an extremely large aperture for the day, enabling exposure times to be reduced to at least one tenth of that required with other contemporary lenses. The Petzval portrait lens was to become the basic design for years to come and was probably the single most important development in making portrait photography possible; by capturing public imagination, portrait photography was to drive photographic innovation during the early years.Petzval later fell out with Voigtländer and severed his connection with the company in 1845. When Petzval was encouraged to design a landscape lens in the 1850s, the work was entrusted to another Viennese optician, Dietzler. Using some early calculations by Petzval, Voigtländer was able to produce a similar lens, which he marketed in competition, and an acrimonious dispute ensued. Petzval, embittered by the quarrel and depressed by a burglary which destroyed years of records of his optical work, abandoned optics completely in 1862 and devoted himself to acoustics. He retired from his professorship on his seventieth birthday, respected by his colleagues but unloved, and lived the life of a recluse until his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the Hungarian Academy of Science 1873.Further ReadingJ.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E. Epstean, New York (provides details of Petzval's life and work; Eder claims he was introduced to Petzval by mutual friends and succeeded in obtaining personal data).Rudolf Kingslake, 1989, A History of the Photographic Lens, Boston (brief biographical details).L.W.Sipley, 1965, Photography's Great Inventors, Philadelphia (brief biographical details).JW -
9 camera
2) киносъёмочный аппарат, киноаппарат, кинокамера6) архит. сводчатое покрытие•to thread camera — заряжать киносъёмочный аппарат- 6×6 cm camera -
accelerated motion-picture camera
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aerial camera
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aerophotographic camera
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all-sky camera
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amateur camera
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animation camera
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astrographic camera
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astronomical camera
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auto camera
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autofocusing camera
-
autoprocess camera
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background camera
-
ball camera
-
ballistic camera
-
battery-powered camera
-
bellows-type camera
-
bellows camera
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bipack camera
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blimped camera
-
borehole camera
-
box-type camera
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box camera
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broadcast camera
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caption camera
-
cartographic camera
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cartoon camera
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cartridge loading camera
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cartridge camera
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cassette camera
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CCD camera
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cine camera
-
cinefluorographic camera
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cinematographic X-ray recording camera
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cineradiology camera
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closed-circuit TV camera
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close-up camera
-
cloud camera
-
collapsible camera
-
color camera
-
color television camera
-
color-slide camera
-
combination single film camera
-
compact-size camera
-
composite electronic and film camera
-
continuous-motion camera
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copying camera
-
copy camera
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darkroom camera
-
data-recording camera
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Debye-Scherrer camera
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deep-water camera
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discontinuously writing camera
-
documentary camera
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double-eight camera
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double-extension camera
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double-frame camera
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drum camera
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dual-gage camera
-
easily handled camera
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EFP camera
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electric eye camera
-
electric-driven camera
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electric camera
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electronic camera
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electron camera
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electronic news gathering camera
-
endoscopic camera
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ENG camera
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environmentally protected camera
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fast pulldown camera
-
field camera
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film camera
-
film developing camera
-
film recording camera
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fixed camera
-
fixed-focus camera
-
fixed-pin registration camera
-
flash camera
-
flow camera
-
folding camera
-
foreground camera
-
framing camera
-
full-frame format camera
-
gallery camera
-
graphic arts camera
-
graphics camera
-
grid camera
-
ground glass focusing camera
-
ground glass camera
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Guinier camera
-
gyroscope camera
-
half-format camera
-
hand camera
-
hand-held camera
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HDTV camera
-
high-frequency camera
-
high-resolution camera
-
high-speed camera
-
hologram camera
-
horizontal camera
-
image compensation camera
-
image-converter camera
-
image-dissection camera
-
industrial-type camera
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industrial camera
-
industrial-type television camera
-
industrial television camera
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infrared camera
-
instant camera
-
instant-load camera
-
instrumentation camera
-
interchangeable camera
-
intermittent camera
-
Kerr cell camera
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kinescope recording camera
-
kinescope camera
-
large-format camera
-
laser camera
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Laue camera
-
left-eye camera
-
lenticular screen camera
-
live camera
-
log camera
-
low-speed recording camera
-
low-speed camera
-
magnetic video camera
-
manual camera
-
mapping camera
-
mask camera
-
measuring camera
-
medium format camera
-
microfiche camera
-
microfilm camera
-
miniature camera
-
monoblock camera
-
monochrome camera
-
motion-picture camera
-
motor-driven camera
-
movie camera
-
moving-image camera
-
narrow-gage camera
-
newsreel camera
-
news camera
-
one-piece camera
-
one-tube camera
-
optical compensation camera
-
outside broadcast camera
-
overhead camera
-
paging camera
-
panoramic camera
-
photo-finish camera
-
photogrammetric camera
-
photographic camera
-
photomechanical camera
-
photomicrographic camera
-
photoreproduction camera
-
photostat camera
-
phototheodolite camera
-
pickup camera
-
picosecond framing camera
-
picture-taking camera
-
picture camera
-
pilot camera
-
pinhole camera
-
plain camera
-
planetary camera
-
plate camera
-
platemaker camera
-
plotting camera
-
pocket camera
-
portable camera
-
precision camera
-
press camera
-
process camera
-
professional camera
-
programmed camera
-
projecting camera
-
rangefinder camera
-
recording camera
-
reduction camera
-
reflex camera
-
reporter camera
-
reproduction camera
-
right-eye camera
-
robot camera
-
rotary camera
-
Sauter camera
-
scanning camera
-
scientific camera
-
seismic camera
-
self-contained camera
-
self-developing camera
-
self-threading camera
-
semiautomatic camera
-
shoulder-operated camera
-
shoulder camera
-
silent camera
-
single-film camera
-
single-frame camera
-
single-lens reflex camera
-
slate camera
-
slave camera
-
slow-motion camera
-
sound motion-picture camera
-
sound-film camera
-
sound-on-film camera
-
spectrographic camera
-
stand camera
-
step-and-repeat camera
-
stop-motion camera
-
streak camera
-
studio camera
-
subminiature camera
-
taking camera
-
technical camera
-
telecine camera
-
television camera
-
time-lapse motion camera
-
time-lapse camera
-
topographical camera
-
traveling matte camera
-
trick camera
-
twin-lens camera
-
two-piece camera
-
vertical process camera
-
video camera
-
video still camera
-
view camera
-
viewfinder camera
-
Weissenberg camera
-
wide-angle camera
-
X-ray diffraction camera
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X-ray camera -
10 system
1) система || системный3) вчт операционная система; программа-супервизор5) вчт большая программа6) метод; способ; алгоритм•system halted — "система остановлена" ( экранное сообщение об остановке компьютера при наличии серьёзной ошибки)
- CPsystem- H-system- h-system- hydrogen-air/lead battery hybrid system- Ksystem- Lsystem- L*a*b* system- master/slave computer system- p-system- y-system- Δ-system -
11 process
1) способ; технология; процесс2) обрабатывать3) воспроизводить фотомеханическим способом4) проявлятьАнгло-русский словарь по полиграфии и издательскому делу > process
-
12 camera
фотокамера, фотоаппарат; кинокамера, киноаппарат; телекамера
См. также в других словарях:
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